Country Insight
Vietnam
Vietnam is shaped like the letter "S" and borders China, Laos, Cambodia, the East Sea, and the Pacific Ocean.
Country basics
Region
East Asia and Pacific / Southeast Asia
Capital
Hanoi
Currency
Vietnamese dong (VND)
Income group
Upper-middle-income country
Divisions
34 provinces
Area
331,690 km²
Demographics
Population
101,112,656 (April 2024)
Urban
38.2%
Rural
61.8%
Male
49.8%
Female
50.2%
Largest city
Ho Chi Minh City is the most populated urban centre
Digital access
Internet
79.1% penetration — nearly 80 million users (2024)
Mobile
169.8% penetration; 90%+ mobile internet subscriptions
5G coverage
90.2% in 2025
ICT market
US$9.12 billion in 2025
Labour and employment
Participation
68.7% · 52.9M workers (2025)
Unemployment
1.5% in 2024
Skilled workers
28.5% hold certificates or qualifications (2024)
Trained workers
29.2% high-skilled labour ratio in 2025
Economy
GDP
US$514 billion in 2025
Global rank
32nd globally by GDP (2025)
GDP per capita
US$5,026 in 2025
SMEs
97% of enterprises
Growth engine
Manufacturing and export-led growth
GTM complexity
Fast-moving buyer landscape, strong local competition
Commercial angle
Best for scaling through industrial, tech, and B2B partnerships
Business environment
Opportunities
Low business costs
Strong tourism
Agriculture & manufacturing
Stable policy environment
Fast growth
Large labour pool
Challenges
Legal complexity
Uneven IP enforcement
Infrastructure gaps
Tax complexity
High-skilled labour shortages